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Also known as: UA, Mitopure, 3,8-Dihydroxybenzo[c]chromen-6-one
A postbiotic metabolite that activates mitophagy — the selective recycling of damaged mitochondria — shown to improve muscle endurance and mitochondrial health in human clinical trials.
Urolithin A is a metabolite produced by gut bacteria from ellagitannins (found in pomegranates, walnuts, and berries). Only ~40% of people have the gut microbiome composition to produce it naturally, making supplementation relevant for the majority of the population.
Damaged mitochondria produce excess ROS, leak pro-apoptotic factors, and reduce ATP output. Normally, mitophagy clears these dysfunctional organelles and stimulates biogenesis of new, healthy ones. With age, mitophagy declines — damaged mitochondria accumulate, driving cellular dysfunction.
Urolithin A directly activates the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway, restoring this critical quality control mechanism.
The ATLAS trial (Nature Metabolism, 2022):
Only ~40% of people can naturally convert dietary ellagitannins → Urolithin A. The rest lack the necessary Gordonibacter bacteria. A simple Urolithin A urine test can determine your converter status. Non-converters benefit most from direct supplementation.
Urolithin A activates the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway, tagging damaged mitochondria for lysosomal degradation. It upregulates mitochondrial biogenesis genes (PGC-1α, TFAM), increases mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces mitochondrial ROS. It also activates the AMPK/SIRT1 axis and inhibits NF-κB inflammatory signaling.
Typical Dose
500-1000mg
Frequency
Daily
Cycle Length
Ongoing
Half-Life
~6-8 hours
Phase II clinical trial (ATLAS, Nature Metabolism 2022). Phase I safety studies complete. Branded ingredient (Mitopure by Amazentis). FDA NDI accepted.
Well-tolerated in clinical trials at 500-1000mg/day. No significant adverse effects. GI discomfort rare. FDA NDI (New Dietary Ingredient) notification accepted. Long-term safety data accumulating.
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